Word

meritocracy

noun C1

UK /mɛɹɪˈtɒkɹəsi/

US /mɛɹəˈtɑkɹəsi/

Meanings

noun

A social or organizational system in which success and advancement are based on ability and achievement.

noun

The belief or principle that rewards and positions should be given to the most capable people.

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Definition

A meritocracy is a system in which people gain power or rewards based on ability and achievement rather than background or connections.

Meritocracy refers to the idea that jobs, status, and opportunities should be earned through talent, effort, and results. In a meritocracy, promotions and recognition are supposed to depend on performance rather than family, wealth, or favoritism. People often debate whether real institutions truly operate as meritocracies, because hidden barriers can affect who gets ahead.

Examples

The company promotes itself as a meritocracy, yet employees still notice how informal networks shape key decisions.
She questioned whether meritocracy can exist when access to elite internships depends on personal contacts.
They defended the reforms as a step toward meritocracy, because performance reviews became clearer and more consistent.
I support meritocracy in principle, but I also think institutions must remove structural obstacles that distort competition.

Common mistake

Learners often confuse meritocracy (a system based on merit) with democracy (a system based on voting).